In modern agriculture, compound feed has become the primary source of nutrition in the diets of livestock and poultry. Its use offers several advantages over other types of feed, making it popular worldwide. In this article, we will examine the composition and types of compound feed, discuss which animals it suits, and what to consider when choosing it.

What is Compound Feed?

Compound feed is a specially formulated, balanced mixture of feed components designed for feeding livestock and poultry.

Advantages of using compound feed:

• Balanced nutrition – Optimal content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals tailored to the specific type and age of the animal.
• Convenience – Easy to store, transport, and portion, as the required norms are already calculated by the manufacturer.
• Safety – Industrial production ensures microbiological purity and the absence of harmful impurities in the feed.

Classification of Compound Feed

Compound feeds are classified according to several criteria:

1. By readiness level:

• Complete feeds – Fully meet the animals' nutritional needs and are used as the sole feed.
• Concentrates – Contain a high concentration of nutrients and are used as a supplement to the main diet.
• Protein-vitamin supplements (PVS) – Enrich the diet with beneficial nutrients.

2. By animal type:

For poultry, pigs, cattle, sheep, rabbits, fish, etc.

3. By growth phase:

Starter (for young animals), grower, finisher, and feeds for productive animals (laying hens, lactating cows, etc.).

Which Animals Are Fed Compound Feed?

Today, the market offers many types of compound feeds suitable for pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, rabbits, fish, and more.

Each animal group requires a specific feed composition and form to effectively meet their physiological needs.

What is Compound Feed Made Of?

The basis of most compound feeds consists of cereal grains:

• Wheat – A source of energy and protein.
• Corn – Rich in carbohydrates, improves feed palatability.
• Barley – Contains fiber essential for digestion.
• Oats – Particularly valuable for horses and young animals.
• Sorghum, rye, triticale – Used depending on goals and availability.

In addition to grains, compound feeds may include:

• Oilseed meals and cakes (sunflower, soybean, rapeseed) – Provide protein.
• Animal and fish meal – A source of easily digestible protein and amino acids.
• Mineral supplements – Calcium, phosphorus, salt, premixes with trace elements.
• Vitamins – A, D, E, B, etc.
• Amino acids – Lysine, methionine, threonine (especially important for poultry and swine diets).
• Yeast, probiotics, and enzymes – Improve digestion and nutrient absorption.
• Feed fats.
• Antioxidants and preservatives – Extend the shelf life of the feed.

How to Choose Compound Feed?

When selecting compound feed, consider the animal's species and age (feed for calves or piglets differs from that for adults) as well as the purpose of feeding: weight gain, increased milk yield, egg production, or maintaining health.

Additionally, pay attention to the composition and quality of raw materials. The feed should contain all necessary components and be free of harmful impurities.

It is also important to check for certifications and compliance with standards: compound feed should have veterinary and sanitary approvals. Consulting a veterinarian is recommended to select the optimal feed for specific needs.

Today, compound feed is the foundation of efficient feeding in livestock and poultry farming. It supports animal health, and simplifies feeding management. A well-chosen compound feed is key to the success and profitability of an agricultural enterprise.

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